Beaver and Browne, 1978: This species, despite its large size, attacks small branches. Host stems varied from 2.2 - 4.6 cm diameter. Usually there was a circumferential gallery with a longitudinal branch in the stem centre, but in the largest stem, a radial gallery had three branches curving through the wood. Browne, 1961: This species, which occurs also in Java, Sumatra, and Borneo, is the largest member of the group in Malaya, and is not abundant. It has been found infesting very small, cut poles and branches, usually of about 3-5 cm in diameter. As usual in the group, the nest comprises a circumferential gallery in the transverse plane, and a longitudinal tunnel in which the brood lives. Beaver, 2010: A polyphagous species recorded from at least 14 families and 22 genera of angiosperm trees. Browne (1961) briefly describes the gallery system, which is typical of the genus.