Xyleborinus saxesenii  

Beaver and Liu, 2010: The biology of the species has been studied by many researchers (e.g. Fischer 1954; Hosking 1973; Peer & Taborsky 2007). A laboratory rearing technique is described by Biedermann et al. (2009). The larvae of Xyleborinus spp. and Xylosandrus spp., unlike those of most other Xyleborini, enlarge the gallery system as they develop, and frequently feed on fungus-infested wood rather than the ambrosia fungus alone (Wood 1982; Biedermann et al. 2009). Peer and Taborsky (2007) show that cooperative brood care occurs within a gallery system, as a result of delayed dispersal by the new generation of females, and that this can raise the number of offspring produced per gallery. Like many xyleborines, the species is strongly attracted to ethanol (e.g. Markalas & Kalapanida 1997; Oliver & Mannion 2001; Miller & Rabaglia 2009).The biology of the species has been studied by many researchers (e.g. Fischer 1954; Hosking 1973; Peer & Taborsky 2007). A laboratory rearing technique is described by Biedermann et al. (2009). The larvae of Xyleborinus spp. and Xylosandrus spp., unlike those of most other Xyleborini, enlarge the gallery system as they develop, and frequently feed on fungus-infested wood rather than the ambrosia fungus alone (Wood 1982; Biedermann et al. 2009). Peer and Taborsky (2007) show that cooperative brood care occurs within a gallery system, as a result of delayed dispersal by the new generation of females, and that this can raise the number of offspring produced per gallery. Like many xyleborines, the species is strongly attracted to ethanol (e.g. Markalas & Kalapanida 1997; Oliver & Mannion 2001; Miller & Rabaglia 2009). Wood, 1982: This species attacks recently cut, injured, and dying material from 5-50 cm in diameter. The attacking female constructs a radial entrance tunnel through the bark and about 1-7 cm into the wood. In the innermost section, she enlarges the upper and lower walls parallel to the grain of the wood. She then deposits eggs in this section of the tunnel. The larvae apparently feed on a combination of ambrosial fungus and wood obtained from continuing the tabular excavation of their mother. The mature tunnel is of a tabular cave type, with the broad axis parallel to the grain of the wood. At times the entire cavity is a mass of larvae. One to two months are required to complete a generation under favorable conditions. This species is capable of causing rather severe economic damage. Rabaglia et al. 2006: This species is common with many synonyms associated with the name. It is widely distributed and a somewhat variable species. It is now found on 6 continents though is most likely native to Asia. It was among the forst non-native Scolytids introduced into North America (> 100 years ago probably from Europe), and is now found coast to coast. It is one of the most damaging and occasionally aggressive species in the tribe in North America.